Organic Nitrates
• Organic nitrates are polyol esters of nitric acid (HNO3). They are potent vasodilators. They have been used as mainstay treatment of angina for more […]
Pharmacology
Calcium Channel Blockers
Calcium channel blocker (CCBs) also known as calcium channel antagonist or calcium antagonist are group of medicines that block movement of calcium through calcium channel. […]
Spironolactone
Spironolactone is potassium-sparing diuretic which is structurally similar to aldosterone. It was discovered in 1957 and introduced in 1959. Spironlactone is on the WHO’s (World […]
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CA inhibitors) are drugs that inhibit the activity of carbonic anhydrase enzyme. The most commonly used carbonic anhydrase inhibitor is acetazolamide. Some […]
Cardiac Glycosides
Cardiac glycosides are often called digitalis or digitalis glycosides as most of them are obtained from digitalis or foxglove plant. Cardiac glycosides are also obtained […]
Beta-blockers
• Beta-blocker (β-blocker) also known as beta-adrenergic blocking agent, are one of the most extensively used medicine for cardiac and non-cardiac disorders. • The first […]
Dexamethasone
Dexamethasone is a synthetic corticosteroid used from many years in clinical practice for its anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and immunosuppressive properties. Dexamethasone was first synthesized in 1957 […]
Class IB Anti-arrhythmic Drugs
Antiarrhythmic drugs are used to treat abnormal heart rhythm. These drugs are classified based on Vaugha-Williams classification: Class I (fast sodium channel blocker) Class II […]
Thiazide and Thiazide like Diuretics
Diuretics are drugs which are commonly used to promote diuresis or water loss by increasing urine production. Among various types of diuretics, thiazide and thiazide […]